Yuan-Ming Lu, Dung-Hai Lee
AKLT state (or Haldane phase) in a one-dimensional spin-1 chain represents a large class of gapped featureless non-fractionalized paramagnets, which hosts symmetry-protected gapless excitations on the boundary. In this work we show how to realize this type of featureless spin-1 states on a generic two-dimensional lattice. These states have a gapped spectrum in the bulk but supports gapless excitations protected by spin rotational symmetry along a certain direction, and are featured by spin quantum Hall effect. Using fermion representation of integer-spins we show a concrete example of such spin-1 paramagnets on kagome lattice, and suggest a microscopic spin-1 Hamiltonian which may realize it.
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http://arxiv.org/abs/1212.0863
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